Numerical Investigation of Roof Stability in Longwall Face Developed in Shallow Depth under Weak Geological Conditions

Developing longwall mining under weak geological conditions imposes a substantial challenge with regard to the higher risk of falling roofs. Maintaining stability face in this aforementioned condition is crucial for smooth operation. Investigating roof requires detailed study rock behavior response few key influences. This paper presents outcome numerical analysis shallow depth conditions. A series validated FLAC3D models was developed examine influence shield canopy ratio, resistance force, and stress ratio. The results show that these three factors have significant impact on conditions, which can be used optimize its stability. Two distinct mechanisms caving observed countermeasures reducing face-to-tip distance cutting width are proposed improve rock. outcomes improvement after adopting method.